APOA4 and amyloidosis: For the lysozyme-caused hereditary non-neuropathic systemicamyloidosis, amyloid accumulation typically reveals to be fatal aroundthe fifth decade of life of the patient,28 while for ApoA4 amyloidosis deposits are typically confined to certaintissues, such as the renal medulla or cardiac tissue, and are usuallynot life-threatening.29 An accurate (early)diagnosis is critical to avoid employing unnecessarily aggressivetherapy (e.g., chemotherapy, or organ/stem cell transplants).30