TNF and Obstructive azoospermia: TNFA is reported to be elevated in SP of men with obstructive azoospermia,86, 101 and a negative correlation between TNFA concentration and sperm motility has been reported,51, 85, 126 although many other studies report no difference in SP TNFA concentration between fertile men and subfertile men.8, 10, 14, 15, 45, 47, 48, 50, 59, 70, 77, 80, 81