Arachidonic acid exacerbated NAFLD along with amplified inflammation through TLR4-NF-κB pathway, while alleviated obesity-related disorders via rescuing anti-inflammatory and butyrate-producing microbiota, up-regulating GPR41 and GPR109A and controlling hypothalamic inflammation in female (Zhuang et al., 2017). Here, TLR4 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.