In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), it has been shown that the ATPase subunit of ATP6V1C1 inhibits autophagy and enhances radiotherapy resistance [30]; in contrast, our report demonstrated that Nrf2 promotes ESCC resistance to radiotherapy through CaMKIIalpha-associated activation of autophagy [31]. This evidence concerns the gene CAMK2A and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.