IL4 and infection: Our results showing no association between infection intensities and polymorphisms at SNPs located on IL4, IL13 and IFNG contrast with those of previous authors who reported some association between polymorphism of these genes in Brazilian (Grant et al., 2012), Malian (Kouriba et al., 2005; He et al., 2008; Isnard et al., 2011), Nigerian (Adedokun et al., 2018), Ghanaian (Sarpong-Baidoo et al., 2021) and Zimbabwean populations (Hanton et al., 2022).