LCN2 and acute kidney injury: Recently, several biomarkers, such as creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for ACI (9) and neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) for AKI (10, 11), have shown promises in the early diagnosis of ACI/AKI.