The chemoprotection of the brain by the efflux of potentially toxic lipophilic/amphiphilic molecules is mediated by ATP-binding cassette transporters, like the multidrug resistance transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1), which shows reduced expression in systemic inflammation [15] and impaired function in neurodegenerative diseases [16]. Here, ABCB1 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.