ARF3 depletion induced a fully penetrant metastatic incidence (the number of mice with a primary tumor that also possessed at least one metastasis) compared to a reduction in metastatic incidence in ARF3-overexpressing cells (100% in ARF3 KD, 67% in ARF3 overexpression, compared to 75% in control; Fig. 8 D, P = 0.0308). This evidence concerns the gene ARF3 and neoplasm.