The TNF-α concentration of total 34 samples interpolated against a standard curve showed that concentration in SCLC patients was significantly higher [median (IQR) = 0.269 {0.066 to 0.460} pg/mL; p-value = 0.025) than healthy controls [median (IQR) = 0.0695 {0.054 to 0.107} pg/mL], with exception of two controls who showed high levels of TNF-α (Fig. 3). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is small cell lung carcinoma.