TGFB1 and lung disorder: In addition, T-helper (Th)-17 cells induced the production of pro-inflammatory IL-17 (Ghoreschi et al. 2010), and are implicated in the pathogenesis of lung disease (Yanagisawa et al. 2017), and their activation in the presence of a combination of TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-1β mediated these pro-inflammatory differentiation (Ghoreschi et al. 2010).