However, owing to its mechanism of activation, which relies on the detection of ‘out-of-context’ cytosolic dsDNA rather than pathogen-specific DNA sequences and features [7], misplaced ‘self-DNA’ arising from ruptured MN [8–10] and chromatin bridges [11] is also recognised by cGAS, linking CIN to innate immunity [8–10, 12, 13]. This evidence concerns the gene CGAS and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.