Latest findings indicate that T1DM originates from an early low chronic inflammation and disease of beta cells followed by the collapse of immune tolerance to pancreatic beta cell self-antigens such as insulin in individuals, a process which is facilitated by genetic predisposition and environmental factors (Pociot and Lernmark 2016; Antonela et al. 2017; Jerram et al. 2017; Norris et al. 2020; Roep et al. 2021; von Scholten et al. 2021). Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.