VDAC1 and frontotemporal dementia: The current understanding of the mechanisms of action of itraconazole include: (i) potent antiangiogenic and antilymphangiogenic activity (8, 9), (ii) modulating Hedgehog and Wnt/β-catenin signaling (10, 11), (iii) inhibiting the mitochondrial protein voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) (12), and (iv) altering cholesterol trafficking by direct binding and inhibition of the lysosomal protein and cholesterol transporter Niemann–Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1; ref. 13).