It was also demonstrated that photobiomodulation therapy can upregulate IFN-γand IL-10 expression levels in the brain of APP/PS1 and 3xTg AD model through JAK2-mediated signaling and STAT4/STAT5 signaling pathways, and induce improved microenvironmental conditions in the brain, which promotes AHN and reverse cognitive deficits (Wu et al., 2022). Here, APP is linked to Alzheimer disease.