TNF and Alzheimer disease: Increased hippocampal expression of p-mTOR was reported in the STZ-icv model of AD (El Sayed et al., 2021), while mTOR inhibition by everolimus showed improvements in cognition, as well as lowered TNFα levels in the brain accompanied by increases of insulin and IGF-1 levels and correction of STZ-icv-induced alterations of mRNA expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway genes (Bansal et al., 2021).