In psoriasis, it was demonstrated that the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1⁄2 (ERK 1⁄2) and p38 MAPK were elevated, along with the activation of TNF-α (41). The gene discussed is ICAM1; the disease is psoriasis.