Studies have shown that the COX-2 expression levels and PGE2 production levels are significantly increased, proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and MIF) expression is induced, and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and the number of LDs are increased in toxoplasmosis (32). This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and toxoplasmosis.