CCL2 and sclerosing cholangitis: (99) showed that the transcription of POU6F1 in biliary epithelial cells activates monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and promotes peripheral M1 and M2 macrophage recruitment and infiltration into peribiliary gland (PBG) niche, producing chronic inflammation, resulting in dilated PBG compartments and the formation of “onionskin” fibrosis characterized by multifocal fibrosis around intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts in a mouse model of primary sclerosing cholangitis.