Among 5 recipients who suffered HCC recurrence and were treated with anti-PD-1 therapy (toripalimab), 4 with PD-L1-negative graft did not have rejection, while the other with PD-L1-positive graft developed rejection (50), suggesting that pathological assessment of the graft’s PD-L1 status may serve as a selection criterion to decrease the risk of graft rejection before ICIs treatment. Here, CD274 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.