Antigen targets for vaccines are classified into two broad categories: 1) tumor-associated, which are over-expressed in tumors such as survivin and Wilms tumor 1 in GBM, or 2) tumor-specific, which are exclusively expressed by tumor cells such as EGFRvIII and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) R132H in GBM and astrocytoma grade 4 (46, 47). Here, BIRC5 is linked to neoplasm.