PPARGC1A and diabetes mellitus: PPARγ cofactors include coinhibitors and coactivators, the coactivators such as PPARγ coactivator one α(PGC-1α) and mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1), etc. PGC-1α is a key gene involved in regulating gluconeogenesis which plays an anti-diabetes role by inhibiting gluconeogenesis after being selectively inhibited (Kolli et al., 2014).