EGFR-TKI resistance upregulated PD-L1 expression and caused immune escape in lung cancer via activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways (Peng et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and lung carcinoma.