Yin and Yang 1 (YY1), a novel therapeutic target for early DKD-associated tubulointerstitial fibrosis (Yang et al., 2022), mainly distributed in the nucleus and directly or indirectly binds to gene promoters to activate or repress expression via chromatin remodeling or histone modification in DKD (Yang et al., 2019b). This evidence concerns the gene YY1 and diabetic kidney disease.