PKM and glomerulosclerosis: YY1 promotes HIF-1α accumulation and aberrant glycolysis through the ARAP1-AS2/ARAP1 axis, associated with maintaining the EGFR persistent transactivation and increased PKM2 dimer expression and nucleus translocation accompanied by reducing tetramer formation, which finally leads to ECM accumulation and glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis in high glucose-induced human glomerular mesangial cells and diabetic db/db mice (Figure 10).