We observed notable differences in gene mutation rates between the pediatric (age ≤16) and adult (age >16) cases in THAMP: For AML, FLT3-ITD and mutations in DNMT3A, NPM1, TET2, CEBPA, IDH2, FLT3-TKD, RUNX1, etc. were more prevalent in the adult cases, while non-ITD and non-TKD FLT3 mutations (“FLT3-Other”) and MPL mutations were more prevalent in the pediatric cases (Fig. 2B). This evidence concerns the gene RUNX1 and acute myeloid leukemia.