FMR1 and autism: In addition, P0 male HT/WT transcripts showed negative enrichments for ASD-risk gene sets such as SFARI genes2 and FMRP targets (Werling et al., 2016) but not for DeNovoMis (protein-disrupting or missense rare de novo variants; Iossifov et al., 2014; Werling et al., 2016), DeNovoVariants (protein-disrupting rare de novo variants; Iossifov et al., 2014; Werling et al., 2016), or AutismKB (Autism KnowledgeBase; Yang et al., 2018; Figure 4A); these gene sets are thought to be downregulated by ASD-related deletion, non-sense, missense, frame-shift, and/or splice-site mutations.