Campbell et al. 2006 previously showed that the expression of telomeric-associated proteins TEP1, TRF1, TRF2, TNKS1, and PinX1 was elevated in the majority of CML-CP and CML-AP patients and decreased during disease progression, with the exception of TEP1 (Campbell et al. 2006). This evidence concerns the gene PINX1 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.