In addition, we found that FGF18 deficiency did not significantly affect the expression of other FGFs under basal conditions, however, slightly increased the expression of FGF13, FGF21, and FGF23 after ISO treatment (Supplementary Fig. 8f), suggesting that deficiency of FGF18 in response to stress exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy and indirectly affects compensatory growth factors. Here, FGF18 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.