HIF1A and diabetes mellitus: Accumulating evidence suggests that the high glucose levels in diabetes may disrupt the regulation of HIF-1 signaling in tissues, possibly causing complications in the functioning of the nervous system (Catrina et al. 2004), retina (Catrina and Zheng 2021), heart (Marfella et al. 2004), blood vessels (Katavetin et al. 2006), as well as kidney (Gunton 2020).