TNF and discoid lupus erythematosus: Examples of associations described between genes and cutaneous manifestations include FCGR2A (risk for ACLE), TYK2, IRF5, TNF-α (risk for SCLE), and ITGAM (risk for DLE).15, 17 HLA variants have also been correlated with skin disease progression, most notably HLA-B8, HLA-DR, and HLA-DQ.16