SERPINA1 and neoplasm: In 2 of the 3 patients, we identified a cluster of genes upregulated in both co-culture conditions including MUC5AC, IFI6 and 27, SERPINA1, and LYPD8, which were previously reported to be involved in tumor progression and metastasis, tumor cell proliferation, and poor patient prognosis.50, 51, 52 In the ENAS condition, we found upregulation of NMU, EREG, and SNHG12 genes.