Experiments using a mouse MCAO (middle cerebral artery occlusion) model showed that either exogenous or endogenous CKLF1 could promote M1 polarization in microglia during early cerebral ischemia, and the polarization process was associated with CKLF1/CCR4 axis-mediated activation of the NF-κB pathway (49). This evidence concerns the gene CKLF and Cerebral ischemia.