Several DAMPs, such as HMGB1, histones, extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), and heat shock proteins (HSPs), are recognized as critical inflammatory mediators that initiate and potentiate inflammation and can lead to organ dysfunction or death in sepsis (Denning et al., 2019; Gong et al., 2020). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is Sepsis.