Analysis of protein-truncating URVs in NAFE showed the strongest association evidence for DEPDC5 ([MIM: 614191], log[OR]=2.6, P<2.2×10−16; Fig. 1a and Table 1a), which encodes part of the GATOR1 complex, a repressor of the mTORC1 pathway that has been prominently associated with focal epilepsies.7 The other two components of the GATOR1 complex, NPRL3 (MIM: 600928) and NPRL2 (MIM: 607072), were also among the top associations (NPRL3: log[OR]=2.9, P=1.4×10−6, NPRL2: log[OR]=2.8, P=3.6×10−5), and they together manifested the strongest burden in the subsequent gene-set-based analysis. The gene discussed is DEPDC5; the disease is focal epilepsy.