Our findings suggest that BSHS may inhibit kidney stone formation mainly by regulating estrogen and estrogen receptor levels, inhibiting oxidative stress processes, reversing apoptosis, and decreasing CaOx crystals deposition through E2/ESR1/ESR2, NRF2/HO-1, and BCL2/BAX signaling pathways. This evidence concerns the gene ESR2 and nephrolithiasis.