IFI16 and infection: For example, although it was fist found that AIM2 is the only ALR that assembles into an inflammasome with ASC in response to cytosolic dsDNA (6–8,46), other studies found that IFI16 forms an inflammasome with ASC upon infection by certain viruses both in the nucleus and the cytosol (e.g. HIV and KSHV) (12,28).