The effect of the microbiome in KRAS-mutant cancers has been recently characterised by Alam et al. [118] where they describe how activation of dectin-1 by the fungal microbiome of KRASG12D PDAC is crucial for enhanced expression of IL-33, the principal cytokine for the recruitment of innate lymphoid cells 2 (ILC2) into the TME (Fig. 2). The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is cancer.