In breast cancer, high ELF3 levels correlated with worse patient outcomes in terms of overall survival, relapse-free survival and metastasis-free survival (Fig. 5A, S5A-C) (GSE3494, GSE9893, GSE4922, GSE65308 and GSE48408), reminiscent of observations that ELF3 can act as an independent prognostic marker for poor survival in hormone receptor positive (ERα + , PR +) HER2 + breast cancer patients [63, 64]. Here, ELF3 is linked to breast cancer.