The parental models are KRASWT and do not harbor other frequent mCRC oncogenic drivers like mutations in NRAS, BRAF, PTEN or PIK3CA. Similar results were obtained with PDOs, with KRASG12-mutated lines consistently showing reduced FTD responsiveness (two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum-based P = 0.034; Fig. 4e,f). Here, NRAS is linked to frontotemporal dementia.