lncRNA SRAs regulate the functional genes of Tregs and inhibit the expression of miR-146b in β cells to activate the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1)–lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA)–phosphorylated LDHA (pLDHA) signalling pathway, which induces apoptosis of β cells and facilitates T1D pathogenesis.260 Reduction of the lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) was reported to decrease ROS by targeting Nrf2. Here, IRAK1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.