IRS1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Besides, downregulated MALAT1 inhibits JNK activity, AKT phosphorylation, and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) activation induced by insulin, thereby regulating the sensitivity to insulin in T2D.261 Cao et al.262 observed increased miR-423-5p and decreased lncRNA HOTTIP and wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 7 A (WNT7A) in GDM mice.