The proposed role of tumour glucocorticoid synthesis in suppressing anti‐tumour immune responses was further supported by the observation that high CYP11A1 and HSD11B1 expression also resulted in a significantly increased expression of the immunosuppressive cytokines TGFβ1 and IL‐10, the immune checkpoint molecules CD279 (PD‐1), CD274 (PD‐L1) and CD152 (CTLA‐4), and the M2‐like macrophage markers LAYN, CCR4 and ARG1 [47]. This evidence concerns the gene CCR4 and neoplasm.