TGFB1 and neoplasm: Tumour cells downregulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I to prevent recognition by cytotoxic T cells [7], release transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) to suppress their activation [8] or express cytotoxic effector molecules usually restricted to cytotoxic lymphocytes, e.g., Fas (CD95) ligand, and thereby induce apoptosis in tumour‐infiltrating immune cells [9, 10].