IL6 and infection: In the absence of infection, HTR8/SVneo cells increased IL-6 release when treated with the hydroalcoholic extract (8 μg/mL) or oleoresin (16 μg/mL) in comparison to untreated cells (medium) (*P < 0.01, **P < 0.001) and SDZ + PYR-treated cells (&P < 0.05) (Figure 8A).