Gene set analysis (summarizing changes in regulation within each defined gene set) aimed at comparing individual immunologic mRNA expression scores among localized leukoplakia and proliferative leukoplakia samples clarified that granzyme-M (GZMM) was the most significantly differentially expressed gene favoring the proliferative leukoplakia subgroup (log2 fold change, 1.93; Padj < 0.001) (Fig. 3). The gene discussed is GZMM; the disease is leukoplakia.