In addition, a significantly greater abundance (cells/mm2) of FOXP3+ Tregs were observed among proliferative leukoplakia tissue samples at the dysplastic epithelium, the DSI, and in the stroma (D, 29.8 vs. 0.8; DSI, 265.7 vs. 24.2; S, 115.8 vs. 4.3; all P < 0.001). The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is leukoplakia.