ITGAX and hydrops fetalis: Our previous studies have demonstrated that severe HF is associated with profound lung inflammation as evidenced by dramatic pulmonary accumulation of macrophages, CD11c+ antigen presenting cells, and activated T cells (1, 8–11), while modulating the inflammatory response was effective to control the progression from LV dysfunction to pulmonary remodeling and RV hypertrophy in mice with LV failure (8, 20, 24).