Seventeen out of 18 (94.4%) patients with tumour thrombus received treatment with a anti vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGF TKI) sunitinib n = 14, pazopanib n = 2, sorafenib n = 1) and one patient with medullary histology received chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.