The ubiquitination of PD-L1 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is diminished by METTL14 through YTHDF2-mediated inhibition of the RING E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah2, and the deprivation of Siah2 represses T-cell expansion and toxicity by maintaining tumour PD-L1 expression [130]. Here, YTHDF2 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.