This homogeneous location of Iba1 cells was better seen in control cases (Fig. 2b1–5), since in the hippocampus of AD (Fig. 2b6–10) microglia undergo profound changes, including activation and clustering around amyloid plaques, and in some regions as dentate gyrus degeneration with dystrophic morphology and the presence of nude areas of Iba1 cells, as previously reported by our group [51]. Here, AIF1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.