Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) analysis of tumor tissues showed significantly higher densities of activated (IFN-γ- or TNF-α-positive) cytotoxic T cells in the SCCNV-immunized group (Fig. 6e; Supplementary Fig. 9 and 10). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and neoplasm.