TSPAN32 and autoimmune disease: It is known via Tspan32 deficient mice that this gene plays an important role in T cell regulation.18 Moreover, decreased TSPAN32 expression in lymphocytes may be associated with various autoimmune diseases.19,20 Herein, we found that high Tspan32 expression did not obviously affect hematopoiesis and HSC function in normal mice (Fig. 5 and Supplementary Fig. 2).