Although the findings have not been validated by molecular biology studies, the study utilized the CRS model, one of the most effective and commonly used depressive model [25, 53, 54], and demonstrated increased mRNA and protein expressions of inflammatory factors in the brain vessels, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, VCAM-1, and MCP-1. Here, VCAM1 is linked to congenital rubella syndrome.