TNF and neoplasm: Hypoxic conditions lead to higher levels of VEGF, CXCL8, ET-2 that mediate the transformation to the M2 phenotype that enhances secretion of proteolytic enzymes, growth factors (EGF, PDGF, HGF, and bFGF) and proangiogenic factors (VEGF, TNFα, IL8, bFGF, and CSF1/MCSF) for vascularization of the tumour tissue [8].